What kinds of flat washers are classified

Flat washers are mainly square washers, square hole washers, conical washers, spring washers, thread contact lock washers, and so on.

1. Square Washers: Square washers for construction should be used instead of round washers for timber construction and concrete floor applications; they are used in conjunction with all fasteners for more excellent load distribution and bolts through walls or timber.

2. Square Washers: Used in the woodworking and fencing industries in conjunction with wheel bolts and body screws that have a square cross-section below the bolt head; the washers are located on the square below the bolt head.

3. Tapered Washers: Tapered washers are designed for channel sections with tapered flanges underneath the nut. They enable the bolt assembly to fit squarely when tightened.

4. Spring Washers: SplitLock Washers coil spring washers provide anti-vibration features; they are separated by a ring on the ring and bent into a spiral shape, which allows the washer to apply elasticity between the head of the fastener and the supporting surface, so that the washer remains stiff against the face and the bolt tightening nuts or threaded holes, generating greater friction and rotational resistance. Spring washers are left-handed helical, allowing threads to be drawn in a right-handed, clockwise direction. When a left-hand rotational motion is applied, the raised edge bites into the lower side of the bolt or nut and the part to which it is bolted, resisting rotation. Spring washers are ineffective against left-hand threads and hardened surfaces and should not be used with a flat washer under a spring washer, as this prevents the spring washer from biting into a part capable of resisting rotation. Spring washers are manufactured to various standards indicating thickness and cross-section dimensions, usually square or rectangular in cross-section. Popular spring washers are single-coil but can be supplied as double-coil washers.

5. Threaded Contact Lock Washers: Washers with surface thread serrations on one or two flat surfaces are designed to bite into connecting materials, bolts, or nuts to change electrical contact or locking action.

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