Types of spring washers and their characteristics industry solutions

Spring washers are a kind of commonly used fasteners which can play the role of protection, anti-loosening, buffer, sealing, and so on between the supporting surface of bolts, screws or nuts, etc., and the connected parts. Spring washers have different shapes and structures according to their function and use and can be divided into the following types:

I. Wave spring washers

The wave spring washer is a kind of elastic washer with a corrugated shape. It can be installed in a small space and is used for applying pre-stress to bearings, reducing the noise of bearing operation, and improving the degree of running and handling operation.

Sound, improve the running degree, and smoothness of the bearing. In addition, there are also a large number of applications in electronic and electrical appliances. There are three types of bearings: WG type, WL type, and WN type:

1. WG open type： It can be installed in a small space and is suitable for small elasticity. The entire working stroke elasticity release and the requirement of uniformity in the case. Materials include carbon steel, stainless steel, copper alloy, etc.

2. WL buckle type： can be installed in a small space, suitable for small elastic force, and the entire working stroke of the elastic force release and the requirement of uniformity in the case. The materials are carbon steel, stainless steel, copper alloy, etc.

3. WN multi-layer wave overlap type： composed of multi-layer materials, so in the same compression stroke under the K value curve is flat, suitable for large elasticity, and the whole working stroke elasticity release and the requirement of uniformity of the case, the material has carbon steel, stainless steel, copper alloy, etc.

II. Disc spring washers

The disc spring washer, also known as the Belleville spring washer, was invented by the Frenchman Belleville. It is a disc-shaped elastic element with a tapered cross-section that produces large axial loads and small deformations. Disc spring washers can be used individually or in pairs or stacks. The combination of pairs can increase the deformation of the disc spring set, and the combination of stacks can increase the spring force of the disc spring set. According to DIN 6796, disc spring washers are categorized into standard type, heavy type, and light type:

1. Standard type: disc-shaped cone cross-section, can withstand enormous loads and small deformation, suitable for medium or high load and low deformation requirements of the occasion. Used for bolts and screws connection of the lock washers, it can increase the axial tension and friction between the connecting parts to prevent the bolt tension because of wear and tear, creep, relaxation, thermal expansion, contraction, or sealing of the compression, and reduce.

2. Heavy type: disc-shaped cone cross-section, thicker, can withstand larger loads and minor deformation, suitable for high loads and low deformation requirements of the occasion. Used for bolts and screws connection of the lockwasher, it can increase the axial tension and friction between the connecting parts to prevent the bolt tension because of wear and tear, creep, relaxation, thermal expansion, contraction, or sealing of the compression and reduce.

3. Lightweight type: disc-shaped cone cross-section, thickness is more minor, can withstand smaller loads and more considerable deformation, suitable for low loads and high deformation requirements of the occasion. Used for bolts and screws connection of the lockwasher, it can increase the axial tension and friction between the connecting parts to prevent the bolt tension because of wear and tear, creep, relaxation, thermal expansion, contraction, or sealing of the compression and reduce.

III. Toothed spring washers

A toothed spring washer is an elastic washer with internal or external teeth that prevents fasteners from loosening by the occlusal force of the tooth tips and the flat surfaces of the connected parts and by a small amount of elasticity. Toothed spring washers have two kinds of internal tooth elastic washers and external tooth elastic washers:

1. Internal tooth elastic washers: circumference with a lot of sharp internal teeth, pierce the fastener head below, which can effectively prevent the fastener from loosening, but should not be used for frequent disassembly and commonly used in small head sizes under the screw head. 2.

2. External teeth elastic washers: circumference with many sharp teeth pierce the bearing surface and can effectively prevent the fastener from loosening but should not be used for frequent disassembly.

Used for frequent disassembly. Primarily used under the bolt head and nut.

IV. Stop spring washers

A stop spring washer is a washer that prevents relative movement between the thread and the connected part, the threaded joint, and thus prevents loosening of the threaded connection. Stop Spring Washers Washers have single-lug stop washers, double-lug stop washers, internal tongue stop washers, external tongue stop washers, etc.

1. Single ear stop washer: one end has an outwardly protruding ear, can be embedded in the groove of the connected part, and can prevent the threaded connection from loosening, but can only be used for Unidirectional rotation of the occasion and used for axially fixed bearings, gears, etc.

2. Double ear stop washers: Each end has an outwardly protruding ear, which can be embedded in the groove of the connected part to prevent loosening of the threaded connection and can be used for

Bidirectional rotation of the occasion. They are used for axially fixed bearings, gears, etc.

3. Inner tongue stops washer: There is an inwardly protruding tongue on the inner circle, which can be embedded in the groove of the head of the fastener to prevent loosening of the threaded connection and can be used for Bidirectional rotation of the occasion and used under screws or bolts with slots in the head.

4. Outer Tongue Stop Washers: An outwardly protruding tongue is embedded in the groove of the connected part to prevent loosening of the threaded connection and can be used for bidirectional rotation on occasion and used where there is a slot in the connected part.

V. Special spring washers

Special spring washers are spring washers with other notable roles or shapes, such as sealing spring washers, spherical spring washers, square and oblique spring washers, etc.

1. Sealing spring washers are generally made of non-metallic materials, such as rubber, plastic, aluminum, copper, etc., and have different shapes and structures, such as flat sealing washers, O-ring seals, combined sealing washers, and so on. They can prevent fluid or gas leakage and impurities or moisture in the connection vice. They are used in fluid or gas working conditions, such as pipelines, mechanical equipment, and mechanical parts of the sealing connection between the parts.

2. Spherical spring washers: generally made of metal materials, such as carbon steel, stainless steel, etc., with a spherical shape and spherical seat with two parts, usually supporting the use. It can automatically adjust the position so that the force is uniform and increases friction, which plays a specific role in preventing loosening and can also buffer shock and vibration. They are used for non-parallel or inclined bearing surfaces, such as hinges, rivets, etc.

3. Square and oblique spring washers: generally made of metal materials, such as carbon steel, stainless steel, etc., with a square cross-section and beveled two parts, usually supporting the use. It can make the support surface of the nut perpendicular to the screw to avoid bending stress on the screw when screwing the nut, and it can also play a role in preventing loosening. They are used for channel steel or I-beam beveled. The above is the type of spring washers and their characteristics of the introduction; I hope to help you. Spring washers are simple and practical fasteners essential in different working conditions and occasions. When choosing spring washers, you should consider their material, specification, and shape and select the right type by combining their function and use.

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