Overview and development trend of automotive fastener industry

The number and types of automobile fasteners are numerous, including bolts, studs, screws, washers, retaining rings, combinations, and connecting parts. According to statistics, each passenger car needs to use an average of about 5,000 fasteners, weighing about 50 kg; an average medium truck or a heavy-duty vehicle needs to use 5,710 fasteners, weighing about 90 kg. Automotive fasteners as mechanical parts are widely used in automotive interior and exterior, chassis, power systems, and various body structures and systems and play an essential but essential role. Because of its close connection with multiple body parts, it needs to adapt to complex and harsh environments and occasions with the car body. The failure of fasteners often causes serious accidents or consequences. Therefore, the automotive fastener industry has strict product quality, stability, and durability requirements.

Nowadays, the automobile industry is gradually developing towards lightweight, diversification, intelligence, and environmental protection, and the requirements for the fastener industry in terms of material application, design speed, production precision, and environmental protection are increasing, so the application of new materials, the application of simulation technology, and technological innovation have gradually become the new direction for the development of the automobile fastener industry.

The development trend of the automotive materials industry

1. Application of new materials: With the continuous promotion of international energy conservation, environmental protection, and low-carbon policies, new energy vehicles have become an important direction for the future development of the global automotive industry. Traditional carbon steel has the disadvantages of poor thermal rigidity and high density, which makes it challenging to meet the development needs of new energy vehicles. Therefore, including various types of aluminum alloy and stainless steel, including the application of a variety of new materials in the automotive fastener industry is gradually expanding, can meet the various types of automotive lightweight production, structural design, processing, harsh environmental requirements, to overcome the traditional material fasteners in the performance of the shortcomings.

2. The application of simulation technology: the traditional fastener R & D and production is usually the first design program, and then, according to the design program, to produce the corresponding samples and test samples to meet the design requirements. This way usually needs to be repeated many times to modify the program and repeated production samples, with low efficiency and high-cost shortcomings. The application of simulation technology through the modeling and the determination of appropriate boundary conditions can be more intuitive and accurately reflect the response of various types of products in different stress, processing, and deformation conditions, the final molding and processing technology selection, material selection has a high reference value and significance.

3. Continuous innovation of production process: The traditional production process of fasteners is mainly based on cold heading, Which has a lower production cost but a weaker molding ability for complex parts. Machining, as a more accurate process, can realize the production of high precision and high complexity products. However, due to the machining process being the cutting and chipping of raw materials, the material utilization rate is lower, the cost is higher, and the machining process is more complicated, resulting in relatively low production efficiency. Therefore, combining the characteristics of traditional cold-heading and warm-heading processes with the advantages of machining can realize the production of high-precision and high-complexity products at low cost and high efficiency to meet the increasingly stringent cost and precision requirements of vehicle manufacturers. Improvement and combination of various processes have become the innovation direction of many automotive fastener manufacturers.

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